Topic Overview
A comprehensive metabolic panel is a blood test that measures your sugar (glucose) level, electrolyte and fluid balance, kidney function, and liver function.
Glucose is a type of sugar your body uses for energy. Electrolytes keep your body's fluids in balance. They also help keep your body working normally, including your heart rhythm, muscle contraction, and brain function. The kidneys help keep the right balance of water, salts, and minerals in the blood. They also filter out waste and other unneeded substances from the blood. The liver filters blood, helps with digestion, and produces some vitamins and other substances that the body needs. It also controls the amounts of glucose, protein, and fat in the blood and releases substances that keep your immune system healthy.
Your doctor may order a comprehensive metabolic panel as part of a regular health examination. Your doctor may use this test to check on a medical condition, such as high blood pressure, or to help diagnose a medical condition, such as diabetes.
This panel measures the blood levels of sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, carbon dioxide, glucose, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, protein, albumin, bilirubin, and liver enzymes. For more information, see the medical tests:
- Sodium.
- Potassium.
- Calcium.
- Chloride.
- Carbon Dioxide.
- Glucose.
- Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN).
- Creatinine.
- Total Protein.
- Albumin.
- Total Bilirubin.
- Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP).
- Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST).
- Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT).
You may be asked to stop eating and drinking for 10 to 12 hours before this blood test.
References
Other Works Consulted
Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, eds. (2004). Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures, 4th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders.
Handbook of Diagnostic Tests (2003). 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
Pagana KD, Pagana TJ (2006). Mosby’s Manual of Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests, 3rd ed. St. Louis: Mosby.
Credits
Author Maria G. Essig, MS, ELS Editor Susan Van Houten, RN, BSN, MBA Associate Editor Tracy Landauer Primary Medical Reviewer Anne C. Poinier, MD- Internal Medicine Last Updated August 16, 2007
